Novel composition of matter



Patented Jan. 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES v 1,655,942 PATENT OFFICE.

MYRON E. DELANEY, OF NEW YORK, N. 'Y., AND LINWOOLD 'I. RICHARDSON, 01' NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO THE CUTLER-HAMMER MFG. (10., O]? MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

NOVEL COMPOSITION OF MATTER.

We Drawing.

This invention relates to novel compositions of matter.

More particularly the invention relates to av novel gum or resin and to a method of a production thereof.

The present invention has among its objects that of providing a novel syntheticconiposition adapted to the plastic art and capable of production at a very materially m reduced expense as compared with that involved in the reduction of known plastic materials which? the instantcomposition is adapted to replace.

Another and more specific object is that of W providing a novel gum or resin which is capale of ready production from ingredients which are exceedingly cheap and plentiful commercially and the compounding of which product involves aminimum of time, labor and technical skill or experience.

Another object is that of providing a method where y such product may be produced with great facility, certainty and disatch. p Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

Among the aforenoted relatively cheap and plentiful substances obtainable commercially may be mentioned naphthalene, wh ch also possesses properties apparentl adaptlng the same to use as a constituent 0 an industrially useful resin or gum.

Moreover, numerous attempts have heretofore been made to so utilize this substance among others, but so far as applicants are aware no product capable of uses comparable or analogous to those herein contemplated has heretofore been produced from this substance, from homologues of benzol or other aromatic hydrocarbon bodies since these substances are not found to react with ordinary agents under usual conditions for formation of such products.

Our experiments have shown that the reaction between a chloride of sulphur and naphthalene or homologues of benzol proceeds very slowly if at all, even when such substances are boiled together for considerable periods.

We have, however, discovered that when agents such as those aforementioned are brought together in the presence of a suitable activating substance, and underproper temperature conditions, a fundamentally difier ltll tlll

Application filed July 25, 1921. Serial No. 487,400.

ent reaction occursresulting in a gummy or resinous substance WhlCll 1s plast1c and of a consistency which may vary from that of a thin liquid to that of a hard resin, depending onthe proportioning of the various agents, the temperature maintained, the length of time during which the reaction is caused or permitted to continue, and upon other facors.

Also such reaction product, irrespective of its consistency as formed, is convertible under suitable heat treatment through practically any desired number of intermediate stages into a state of substantial infusibility, insolubility and inertness toward chemical agents.

Thus this material when plastic may be cast into various shapes and thereafter out, machined, polished or otherwise treated practically as desired, or the product may be produced or rendered of suitable consistency either with or without the use of a solvent.

for service as a coating or the like.

Also it is apparently possible to employ this material with great advantage when incorporated with a suitable filler inv the production of a molding compound.

In the production of this product, suitable proportions of the constituent a ents are brought together in the presence 0 an activating agent, the temperature being raised somewhat, whereupon reaction tends to proceed with considerable rapidity, such in fact as to render it advisable if not strictly necessary to take certain steps for control thereof.

Such control may be effected in various ways as by addition of reduced ortions of one reactive agent to all or less t an the total body of the other agent, or optionally the container for the agents undergoing reaction may be 'acketed and subjected to cooling action. uch temperature control does not appear to be strictlynecessary in the sense thatthe reaction if uncontrolled tends to progress too far, the control on the other hand being necessary or desirable chiefly to prevent excessive boiling oragitation of the mass, resulting in loss of material and contamination of the surroundings.

During such reaction some h drochloric acid is evolved, the non-volati e reaction product being of a consistency dependent upon the aforementioned factors.

Upon subsequent heating of this product vaporization takes place, various volatile substances being driven off during the earlier stages of such action,'the character of such substances being largely determined by the length of time during whichthe action is caused to continue, by the temperaturemaintain'ed and by other factors. Following a given degree of progress of such vaporizature.

The substance last mentioned may be regarded as the final product and such product isplays in addition to the high melting point aforementioned the further characteristics of inactivity toward ordinary chemical agents and solvents such characteristics tending to adapt the same to the uses to which the ordinary synthetic and natural resins 'are suited.

As a typical method applicable to production of the aforedescribed resin, substantially equal parts of naphthalene and sulphur monochloride are brought together in the presence of a relatively reduced quantity of a suitable activating agent such, for example, as metallic tin or aluminum or a metallic compound of sulphur such as ferrous sulphide, zinc sulphide and the like. The temperature of the ensemble is raised preferably to about 200 F. at which temperature reaction takes place rather rapidly, hence rendering desirable the application of-certain of the aforedescribed expedients for temperature control.

During such reaction hydrochloric acid is evolved somewhat profusely and a relatively non-volatile product is formed, the conslstency thereof being variable in accordance with the factors aforementioned. By varying all or certain of such factors the consistency of this gum or resin may be suited to theparticular subsequent use contemplated.

When the subsequent use or treatment contemplated does not involve conversion of the aforedescribed reaction product into its final state of infusibility and insolubility, it is desirable and in many cases necessary, following the aforedescribed action, to subject the product to a treatment for elimination or fixation of certain volatile substances such as hydrochloric acid which may be formed but not completely expelled as a result of the main reaction and which, if permitted to remain in situ, might tend to impair the product,

Such treatment of the product may in- 'nar volve subjection thereof to heat treatment at a temperature somewhat higher than that at which the main react-ion was effected, thus eliminating the aforementioned volatile or potentially volatile substances, the temperature being suitably controlled to prevent transformation of the product into its infusible state. Optionally a relatively small quantity of a substance, such for example, as pyridine, may be mixed with the warmed and melted reaction product for combiluitiou with and fixation of such volatile substances.

Also upon subjecting the compound for several hours to a gradually increasing temperature above 200 F, the same is transformed intotheiinal state wherein the same is substantially chemically inert, insoluble and infusible.

The exceedingly low cost of the constituent agents ofthe instant product, particularly naphthalene, renders the same available for many uses from which most of the ordisynthetic and natural resins are exclu ed by reason of excessive cost, whereas, the great facility and certainty of the production reaction and the readily eiiccted conversion of the product into practically any desired state or consistency also constitute exceedingly useful and valuable improvements ever known substances.

Throughout the instant description and also in the appended claims the terms naphthalene, benzol, chloride of sul phur, sulphur n'ionochloride and the like are to be understood as including the substances which are obtainable commercially.

. It will be understood that the quantity oi" agent necessary to activate the aforedescribcd reaction is under certain -ondi-tions ex tremely small and is dependent to some. extent at least upon the degree or state of dispersion of the activating substance, and in practice the quantity of such substance em loyed may frequently be greatly reduced wit rout lessening its eiiectiveness.

It is therefore to be understood throughout the instant description and claims that the term activating agent is to be interpreted as including possible impurities or other accidentally occurrent substances, which may under some conditions serve or assist in promoting the reaction. Similarly the expressions activated reaction and the \like are to be interpreted as of scope coextensive with the foregoing. Also the expression aromatic hydrocarbon is to be Interpreted to comprehend homologues of benzol, and naphthalene; and the expression homologues of benzol is to be interpreted to comprehend benzol and its homologues.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A resin ada ted to the plastic art which is the product 0 activated chemical reaction lilii lIU till

between a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body.

52:. ll. gum adapted to the plastic art comprising a reaction product of a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body.

3. it gum adapted to the plastic art comprising areaction product of a chloride of sulphur and naphthalene.

l. A gum adapted to the plastic art comprising a reaction product of sulphur monochloride and naphthalene.

5. it. resinous plastic material capable of hardening, comprising a reaction product ot a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body.

6. it plastic gum capable of hardening under heat treatment comprising a product oil an activated reaction between a chloride oi sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body.

it". .h resinous plastic reaction product of chloride oil sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body, adapted to harden gradually under heat treatment into a substantially J1 inlumible, insoluble and chemically inert substance.

8. ll resinous product ct chemical reaction between a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body activated by an inorganic agent.

9. it resinous product of chemical reaction between a chloride oi sulphur and an arcmatic hydrocarbon body activated by a metill ence oil'" an activating agent and maintalning such contact until reaction ensues.-

T3. The process of producing a resinous plastic material trom a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body, which comprises slowly adding such compounds to one another in the presence of an activating agent to eiitect reaction thereof.

1d. The. process of producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art from a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body, which comprises bringing said compounds into intimate contact through adding one compound slowly and in small portions to the other in the presence of an activating agent to effect reaction thereof, and heat treating the product resulting from such reaction.

1 5. The process of producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art it'rorn a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body, which comprises bringing said compounds together in the presence oil an activating agent, for reaction and promoting reaction between constituents ot the resultant compound by application of heat.

16. The process of producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art them a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body which comprises bringing suchcompounds into intimate contact in the pres ence of an inorganic activating agent and maintaining such contact until reaction ensues.

17. The process oil producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art "trom a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body which comprises bringing such compounds into intimate contact in the pre ence of a metallic activating agent and n'iaintaining such contact until reaction ensues.

it. The process ot producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art 'lrom a chloride of sulphur and an aromatic hydrocarbon body which comprises bringing such compounds into intimate contact in the presence of a metallic sulphide activating agent.

19. The process oil producing a resinous product adapted to the plastic art t'rom sulphur monochlorideand naphthalene which comprises reacting said compounds in the presence of a relatively small quantity ot terrous sulphide. I

20. The process of producing a resin adapted to the plastic art from sulphur morn ochloride and na hthalene which comprises reacting substantially equal parts by weight of said compounds in the presence o'l an activating agent comprising a small quantity oil a sulphide ot iron.

Tn witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

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